See ré in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"from rïam (third-person singular masculine)"
],
"word": "roimh"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"from resin (“before the”)"
],
"word": "roish"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "ro"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸrīs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸrīs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "ris"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish ris",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "first"
},
"expansion": "English first",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prīscus",
"t": "former"
},
"expansion": "Latin prīscus (“former”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prīmus",
"t": "first"
},
"expansion": "Latin prīmus (“first”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸrīs (compare Gaulish ris), from Proto-Indo-European *per-. Cognate with English first and Latin prīscus (“former”). The eclipsis trigger is analogical to íar (“after”). The inflected forms in -m, as well as the cognate prefix rem-, are from the superlative *ɸrīsamos (compare Latin prīmus (“first”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "g",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rium",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riumsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"emphatic",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rïam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ríam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "remi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "remisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"emphatic",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "reuib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "remib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "re",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ri",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ría",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "preposition",
"3": "triggers eclipsis"
},
"expansion": "ré (triggers eclipsis)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ré"
]
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
147,
149
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
209,
215
]
],
"english": "He who will know the power of the punishment which you sg inflict by means of wrath, it is he who will see that it is for the sake of mercy and gentleness that you inflict on us here the things that we suffer before going there.",
"text": "Is hé ru·fiastar cumachtae inna díglae do·mbi{u}r-siu húa londas, intí du·écigi{gi} is ar trócairi ⁊ censi du·bir-siu forunni siu innahí fo·daimem ré techt innúnn.",
"translation": "He who will know the power of the punishment which you sg inflict by means of wrath, it is he who will see that it is for the sake of mercy and gentleness that you inflict on us here the things that we suffer before going there.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"id": "en-ré-sga-prep-bbfYA-dP",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"before [with dative]"
],
"tags": [
"triggers-eclipsis"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrʲeː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eː"
}
],
"word": "ré"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"from rïam (third-person singular masculine)"
],
"word": "roimh"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"from resin (“before the”)"
],
"word": "roish"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "ro"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸrīs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸrīs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "ris"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish ris",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "first"
},
"expansion": "English first",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prīscus",
"t": "former"
},
"expansion": "Latin prīscus (“former”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prīmus",
"t": "first"
},
"expansion": "Latin prīmus (“first”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸrīs (compare Gaulish ris), from Proto-Indo-European *per-. Cognate with English first and Latin prīscus (“former”). The eclipsis trigger is analogical to íar (“after”). The inflected forms in -m, as well as the cognate prefix rem-, are from the superlative *ɸrīsamos (compare Latin prīmus (“first”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "g",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rium",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riumsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"emphatic",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rïam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ríam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "remi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "remisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"emphatic",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "reuib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "remib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "re",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ri",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ría",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "preposition",
"3": "triggers eclipsis"
},
"expansion": "ré (triggers eclipsis)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ré"
]
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish dative prepositions",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish prepositions",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Irish terms with quotations",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old Irish/eː",
"Rhymes:Old Irish/eː/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
147,
149
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
209,
215
]
],
"english": "He who will know the power of the punishment which you sg inflict by means of wrath, it is he who will see that it is for the sake of mercy and gentleness that you inflict on us here the things that we suffer before going there.",
"text": "Is hé ru·fiastar cumachtae inna díglae do·mbi{u}r-siu húa londas, intí du·écigi{gi} is ar trócairi ⁊ censi du·bir-siu forunni siu innahí fo·daimem ré techt innúnn.",
"translation": "He who will know the power of the punishment which you sg inflict by means of wrath, it is he who will see that it is for the sake of mercy and gentleness that you inflict on us here the things that we suffer before going there.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"before [with dative]"
],
"tags": [
"triggers-eclipsis"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrʲeː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eː"
}
],
"word": "ré"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ré meaning in Old Irish (4.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Person:'",
"path": [
"ré"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "ré",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'third m or n'",
"path": [
"ré"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "ré",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'third m or n'",
"path": [
"ré"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "ré",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'third f'",
"path": [
"ré"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "ré",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'third f'",
"path": [
"ré"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "ré",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1896",
"msg": "Template nesting error: template_nesting = 1 couldn't split inflection templates, ré/Old Irish section inflection",
"path": [
"ré"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "ré",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.